ECOLOGICAL AND URBAN PLANNING CRITERIA FOR SELECTING TREE SPECIES FOR CONSTRUCTION SITES IN TASHKENT CITY

Farida Kuldasheva; Mavjuda Muhammadiyeva

doi:10.5281/zenodo.20302265

Mualliflar

Kuldasheva Farida PhD. Supervisor -Head of the Special Department of Atmospheric Analysis and Ecology at the Central Asian University for Environmental and Climate Change Studies (Green University), Tashkent
Muhammadiyeva Mavjuda Baxtiyor qizi Master student in Sustainable Development at the Central Asian University for Environmental and Climate Change Studies (Green University), Tashkent

Annotatsiya

Tashkent has changed a lot in ten years. Where you used to see green courtyards or unbuilt land, you now mostly see concrete blocks and asphalt. Two things follow from this kind of build-out. First, summer in the new districts is hotter than in older parts of the city — what the urban heat island (UHI) literature calls a "warming pocket". Second, dust and PM in the air go up. We registered ambient PM₂.₅ readings above 65 µg/m³ on a routine basis. That's about 2.6 times the WHO yearly value, give or take. On hot summer days, when we measured surface temperatures in courtyards that have no trees at all, we found them running 6.2 °C higher than at nearby spots with mature canopy. To get from observation to recommendation, we used MCDA — Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis — on eight tree species. The first four are everywhere in the city: Platanus orientalis, Fraxinus excelsior, Catalpa bignonioides, and Gleditsia triacanthos. The other four are local: Celtis caucasica, Morus alba, Pistacia vera, Elaeagnus angustifolia. For each tree we scored Leaf Area Index (LAI), how many trichomes the leaves have, stomatal conductance, the Drought Tolerance Index (DTI), and how much water the tree wanted per season (L/m²). What were we actually trying to do? In plain terms — drop average PM₂.₅ by 30% or more, and UHI intensity by 2 °C or more, in new construction zones — within a ten-year canopy growth window. The composite numbers put Platanus orientalis (0.886) and Catalpa bignonioides (0.880) on top under good irrigation conditions. Next came the natives: Celtis caucasica (0.793) and Morus alba (0.771). We make the argument in the paper that these two natives, rather than being a fallback, are actually a reasonable heritage-grounded option — they pull decent ecological numbers and use less water. The article ends with a shortlist, ranked, split by irrigation regime, that planners can drop straight into the Tashkent urban development master plans.

Kalit soʻzlar:

Urban Forestry Particulate Matter Sequestration Microclimate Cooling Drought Tolerance Index Native Species Reintegration Tashkent Green Infrastructure

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ECOLOGICAL AND URBAN PLANNING CRITERIA FOR SELECTING TREE SPECIES FOR CONSTRUCTION SITES IN TASHKENT CITY

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