A PEDAGOGICAL FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPING ARGUMENTATIVE SPEAKING SKILLS IN GRADES 8–9 OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21214619Ключевые слова:
argumentative speaking, pedagogical framework, communicative competence, English language teaching, learner-centered instruction, critical thinking, oral communication, secondary school education.Аннотация
The rapid transformation of educational systems has significantly influenced the objectives of foreign language instruction. In addition to mastering grammar and vocabulary, students are expected to develop the ability to communicate effectively, think critically, and express well-reasoned opinions in authentic communicative situations. Among the various aspects of communicative competence, argumentative speaking has become one of the most important skills for secondary school learners because it enables them to justify personal viewpoints, evaluate alternative perspectives, and participate actively in collaborative discussions. However, classroom practice indicates that many students experience considerable difficulties when organizing coherent oral arguments due to limited speaking opportunities, insufficient interaction, and the absence of systematic instructional support.Библиографические ссылки
Language Pedagogy (4th ed.). Pearson Education.
Council of Europe. (2020). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment. Companion Volume. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing.
Harmer, J. (2015). The Practice of English Language Teaching (5th ed.). Pearson.
Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (2017). Joining Together: Group Theory and Group Skills (12th ed.). Pearson.
Nunan, D. (2004). Task-Based Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press.
Richards, J. C. (2006). Communicative Language Teaching Today. Cambridge University Press.
Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2014). Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Thornbury, S. (2005). How to Teach Speaking. Pearson Longman.
Ur, P. (2012). A Course in English Language Teaching (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press.
Загрузки
Опубликован
Выпуск
Раздел
Лицензия
Copyright (c) 2026 Innovative Academy RSC
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution» («Атрибуция») 4.0 Всемирная.
Как цитировать
