PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW IN ARMED CONFLICTS
Аннотация
This article examines the application of public international law during armed conflicts, with particular focus on international humanitarian law. It analyses the distinction between jus ad bellum and jus in bello, the treatment and rights of prisoners of war, the principle of distinction between civilians and combatants and between civilian and military objects, the protection of the wounded and sick, and the international conventions restricting or prohibiting certain types of weapons. Drawing on the Hague and Geneva Conventions, Additional Protocol I of 1977, and other instruments, the article illustrates the historical development and practical significance of humanitarian law in regulating the conduct of warfare.
Библиографические ссылки
International Committee of the Red Cross, “What are jus ad bellum and jus in bello?” Available via the ICRC website.
Covenant of the League of Nations, Articles 11 and 12.
Regulations Respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land (annexed to the Hague Convention IV, 1907), Chapter I. Available via the ICRC IHL Treaties and Commentaries database.
Geneva Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, 1949, Section II, Chapter I.
Shaw, Malcolm N., International Law, 8th edition.
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 1977, Article 51.
Protocol I (1977), Chapter III (Civilian Objects).
Geneva Convention (I) for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field, 1949.
Declaration of St. Petersburg of 1868, to the Effect of Prohibiting the Use of Certain Projectiles in Wartime.
Hague Regulations, 1907, Article 23. Available via the ICRC IHL Treaties and Commentaries database.
Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects, 1981, with Protocols I, II and III.
Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction (Ottawa Convention), 1997. Available via the ICRC IHL Treaties and Commentaries database.
Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques, 1977. Available via the United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs.
Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, Common Article I.
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