WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE PRESENTING WITH ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA AND THE IMPORTANCE OF TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASOUND FOR DIAGNOSIS

Abstrak

Endometrial hyperplasia is a common gynecological condition affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by abnormal proliferation of the endometrial glands relative to the stroma [4]. The condition carries significant clinical implications, including chronic anemia due to persistent or heavy uterine bleeding, infertility, and an increased risk of progression to atypical hyperplasia or endometrial carcinoma. Early detection is critical to prevent these adverse outcomes, and transvaginal ultrasonography (TRUS) has emerged as a key non-invasive diagnostic modality [8]. TRUS enables detailed assessment of endometrial thickness, echotexture, and structural heterogeneity, with endometrial thickness measurements exceeding 10–12 mm in the proliferative phase considered suspicious for hyperplastic changes [2]. High-resolution ultrasonography further facilitates identification of cystic spaces, focal lesions, and heterogeneous patterns that may indicate atypia. The integration of color Doppler imaging allows evaluation of endometrial vascularity, which has been associated with the severity of hyperplasia and potential malignant transformation [5].