THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INFLAMMATORY GYNECOLOGICAL DISEASES AS A CAUSE OF FEMALE INFERTILITY

Abstract

Female infertility is a major global health issue, affecting 10–15% of reproductive-age couples. Inflammatory gynecological diseases play a leading role due to their high prevalence, chronic course, and negative impact on the female reproductive system. Conditions such as pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic endometritis, salpingitis, and adnexitis are closely associated with tubal obstruction, impaired endometrial receptivity, ovulatory disorders, and pelvic adhesions, significantly reducing fertility. Persistent inflammation leads to fibrotic changes, immune-endocrine imbalance, and disruption of the reproductive microenvironment. As many of these conditions are asymptomatic, delayed diagnosis increases the risk of infertility. This study emphasizes the importance of early detection, timely treatment, and preventive strategies to improve reproductive outcomes and preserve female reproductive health.