MODERN DIAGNOSIS AND PREVENTION OF PRETERM BIRTH
Keywords:
Preterm birth, cervical length, fetal fibronectin, progesterone prophylaxis, cervical cerclage, antenatal corticosteroids, perinatal mortality, neonatal intensive care.Abstract
This article analyzes the global and regional epidemiological burden of preterm birth, with a particular focus on Uzbekistan, where delivery occurs before 37 weeks of gestation. It also provides a scientific review of contemporary diagnostic approaches and preventive strategies. The clinical effectiveness of transvaginal ultrasonography, fetal fibronectin testing, and other biomarkers is comparatively evaluated. Furthermore, based on evidence from international randomized clinical trials, the roles of vaginal progesterone, cervical cerclage, obstetric pessary, and antenatal corticosteroids in the prevention of preterm birth are critically analyzed. The article also highlights the differences among the clinical guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). By identifying existing gaps in Uzbekistan's healthcare system, the study substantiates the need for nationwide implementation of universal cervical screening and standardized use of antenatal corticosteroids across all regions.
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