CRISPR TECHNOLOGY AND PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC DIAGNOSIS: THE REALITY AND RISKS OF DESIGNER BABIES

Abstract

This article analyzes the issues of genetic editing of human embryos using CRISPR-Cas9 technology and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). The concept of «designer babies» — the ability of parents to create children with desired characteristics — is examined from bioethical and biological perspectives. The mechanism of the CRISPR system, its potential in preventing monogenic diseases, as well as risks such as mosaicism and unintended genetic changes, are discussed in detail. The case of «Lulu and Nana» — the first experiment in editing human embryos — is used to demonstrate the insufficient safety of the technology. It is concluded that gene editing should only be used for treating severe hereditary diseases, while its use for enhancing intellectual or physical traits of humans is strongly rejected.