MODERN METHODS OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF PROSTATE CANCER

Abstract

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases among men worldwide and remains a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of modern methods for early diagnosis of prostate cancer and determine their role in timely disease detection. A retrospective study included 150 patients with suspected prostate cancer examined between 2022 and 2025. Diagnostic methods included laboratory testing (total PSA, free PSA, PHI index), clinical examination, transrectal ultrasound, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), and prostate biopsy. The study demonstrated that the highest diagnostic accuracy was achieved through the combined use of PSA screening, multiparametric MRI, and biopsy. The sensitivity of mpMRI ranged from 85% to 95%, while biopsy reached up to 98%. Comprehensive application of modern diagnostic methods significantly improves the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer at early stages, reduces unnecessary biopsies, and enhances diagnostic precision. Improving early detection strategies for prostate cancer is essential for increasing treatment effectiveness, reducing mortality, and improving patients’ quality of life