THE INTERACTION OF LANGUAGE AND CULTURE IN CONTEMPORARY ENGLISH

Аннотация

Language and culture are closely interconnected systems that influence the way people express ideas, understand social relationships, and interpret the world around them. As English has developed into a widely used international language, its interaction with different cultures has become an important area of linguistic and philological research. This article examines the relationship between language and culture in contemporary English, focusing on vocabulary, idiomatic expressions, forms of address, communication patterns, and culturally marked meanings. The study applies a qualitative descriptive and comparative approach to identify ways in which cultural experience influences English language use. The findings demonstrate that many English words and expressions carry cultural meanings that cannot always be understood through direct translation. Idioms, metaphors, politeness strategies, and forms of interpersonal communication frequently reflect the social values and historical experiences of English-speaking communities. At the same time, contact with other cultures contributes to the expansion and transformation of English vocabulary and communicative practices. The research suggests that understanding the cultural dimension of English is essential for effective language learning and interpretation. The article concludes that contemporary English should be studied not only as a grammatical system but also as a cultural phenomenon shaped by continuous interaction between language communities