PSYCHOLOGICAL AND EMOTIONAL FACTORS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE DISORDERS IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS

Abstract

Menstrual cycle disorders are among the most common gynecological problems in adolescent girls and are closely linked to psychoemotional instability characteristic of this age. Neuroendocrine changes, emotional sensitivity, and vulnerability to stress during adolescence may disrupt the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis, leading to functional menstrual irregularities. This review examines the role of psychoemotional factors—such as chronic stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and social maladaptation—in the development of menstrual disorders, including oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Based on recent clinical and epidemiological studies, the analysis emphasizes psychosomatic mechanisms and stress-induced hormonal imbalance. The findings underscore the importance of early identification of psychoemotional stressors and a multidisciplinary approach integrating psychological support with medical management to improve outcomes and quality of life in adolescent girls.