ATEROSKLEROZ VA SURUNKALI YALLIG‘LANISH: PATOGENEZ, KLINIK AHAMIYAT VA PROFILAKTIK YONDASHUVLAR

Abstract

This article analyzes the pathogenetic relationship between atherosclerosis and chronic inflammation. Atherosclerosis is a chronic progressive disease characterized by lipid accumulation in the arterial wall, endothelial dysfunction, immune cell activation, and fibrous plaque formation. According to current scientific concepts, atherosclerosis is not only a disorder of lipid metabolism but also a complex immune-metabolic process closely associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Inflammatory mediators, macrophages, T lymphocytes, cytokines, oxidized LDL, and the NLRP3 inflammasome play an important role in the formation, progression, and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. The article discusses major risk factors, inflammatory mechanisms, clinical consequences, and modern approaches to prevention and treatment.