COMPETITION LAW CHALLENGES IN DIGITAL MARKETS

Abstrak

The rapid development of digital technologies has transformed the structure of modern markets and created new challenges for competition law. Digital platforms, online marketplaces, search engines, social media networks, and data-driven businesses increasingly occupy dominant positions within the global economy. Traditional competition law mechanisms often face difficulties in addressing anti-competitive conduct in digital markets due to network effects, economies of scale, data accumulation, algorithmic decision-making, and multi-sided platform structures. This article examines the principal competition law challenges arising in digital markets, including abuse of dominance, self-preferencing, algorithmic collusion, killer acquisitions, and data-related barriers to entry. Particular attention is paid to the regulatory approaches adopted by the European Union, the United States, and other leading jurisdictions. The article concludes that competition law must continuously evolve to effectively regulate digital markets while maintaining a balance between innovation, consumer welfare, and fair competition.