TAXEMIC AND OTHER APPROACHES TO THE COMPOSITE SENTENC: COLLOTAXEME, PARATEXEME, HYPRTAXEME, (SUPERTAXEME, ARCHITAXEME, ULTRATAXEME, BINOME, POLYNOME, DISCOURSEME, 2 CUMULEME AND OCCURSEME). FUNCTIONAL SENTENCE PERSPECTIVE. SENTENCE PRAGMATICS. DISCOURSE ANALYSIS (TEXTICS OR TEXTOLOGY). PUNCTUATION IN MODERN ENGLISH

Abstract

Speech and sentence structure are best understood not only as arrangements of words but as systems of taxemes — analytically useful units that describe how clauses and sentences combine, interact, and function inside larger stretches of discourse. This article examines the taxemic approach to composite sentences (including collotaxeme, paratexeme, hypertaxeme and related metaterms such as supertaxeme, architaxeme, ultrataxeme, binome and polynome), and situates those ideas alongside suprasentential units used in textology (discourseme, cumuleme, occurseme). It then links the taxemic perspective with Functional Sentence Perspective and sentence pragmatics (how sentences package information and speaker intentions), and shows how contemporary discourse analysis (textology/textics) and modern punctuation practice dovetail with — and sometimes complicate — the analysis of composite sentences. The treatment is theoretical but practice-oriented, intended for linguists, teachers of English, and discourse analysts who need an integrated view of form, function and punctuation in the analysis of extended language.