SYNTHESIS OF FLOCCULANTS BASED ON POLYACRYLAMIDE

Аннотация:

The synthesis of flocculants based on polyacrylamide (PAM) represents one of the most important developments in industrial polymer chemistry. These flocculants are widely utilized in wastewater purification, mining, paper production, and chemical manufacturing, owing to their strong ability to aggregate fine particles and clarify water. The polyacrylamide molecule, due to its high molecular weight and the presence of amide functional groups, can easily form hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions with suspended particles, thus enhancing sedimentation efficiency. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the synthesis processes, modification methods, and structural factors that determine the flocculation efficiency of PAM-based materials. Moreover, recent advances in environmentally friendly and smart polymer technologies are discussed, emphasizing sustainable approaches for future water treatment systems.