Eurasian Journal of Medical and Natural Sciences

Congenital heart defects, one of the most common developmental defects in children, remain the leading cause of death among the young population. The article below presents global statistical data on the etiological factors leading to congenital heart defects, current methods of treatment, prevalence, and discusses the causes of mortality and variability in epidemiological data in congenital heart diseases. The relationship of congenital heart diseases with defects of other organs and systems is discussed. The role of various risk factors in the formation of congenital heart diseases in the fetus is shown.

The article is devoted to the problems of early childhood autism, provides an overview of the main principles of effective intervention used in working with children, and provides examples of rehabilitation work with autistic children. The recommendations are universal and suitable for raising a child with spectrum disorders of any category.

The integration of computer technology in healthcare institutions has significantly transformed medical practices, patient management, and research methodologies. From Electronic Health Records (EHRs) to artificial intelligence-based diagnostics, the use of computers enhances efficiency, accuracy, and patient care outcomes. This paper explores the various applications of computer technology in healthcare, its benefits, challenges, and future potential. A detailed analysis is presented through statistical data, tables, and graphical illustrations of patient case trends and technological impact. Additionally, we discuss security concerns, ethical implications, and policy frameworks required for seamless integration.

Combined maxillofacial trauma (CMFT) is one of the most complex and severe categories of traumatic injuries, requiring a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach to diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients. This article discusses modern diagnostic methods and their role in the timely detection of injuries, as well as advanced treatment strategies, including surgical and conservative methods. Particular attention is paid to the issues of rehabilitation and improving the quality of life of patients, including psychological aspects and restoration of functions. An analysis of modern research in the field of traumatology and maxillofacial surgery is provided, and promising areas for further development of diagnostics and therapy of CMFT are discussed.

Another study updates the later studies on social determinants and caries in adults, with no publication year and language requirements. These studies include new results, comments, and criticisms in an iterative process, enhancing the current scientific knowledge of this subject. New studies can provide important data for a review. This should be valued more than just the change of outcome. Therefore, the update process is not useful when only the primary outcome is changed, however it is when it also maintains the credibility of previous studies. This study aimed to perform an update of a previous systematic review and to perform a subgroup meta-analysis and meta-regression to evaluate the effect modification of socioeconomic indicators on dental caries in adults. The hypothesis was that adults with worse socioeconomic indicators are more affected by dental caries.

This article focuses on the early detection and prevention of refractive errors in preschool children. Modern diagnostic methods, including automated refractometry, photoscreening, and digital technologies, are reviewed. Risk factors such as genetic predisposition, environmental conditions, and visual strain are analyzed. The prospects for implementing screening programs in primary healthcare and effective preventive measures are discussed. The importance of an interdisciplinary approach involving ophthalmologists, pediatricians, educators, and parents is emphasized.

The optimization of cardiac care delivery represents a critical challenge in modern healthcare systems, particularly in regions experiencing rapid healthcare transformation. Recent analyses indicate that systematic optimization of cardiac care activities can significantly improve patient outcomes while enhancing resource utilization. This study evaluates the implementation and effectiveness of a comprehensive cardiac care optimization program across multiple healthcare facilities in Uzbekistan. The study evaluated patient flow patterns, resource allocation, service delivery metrics, and outcome measures. Data collection included comprehensive analysis of service delivery parameters, patient satisfaction metrics, and clinical outcomes. Implementation followed a phased approach with continuous monitoring and adjustment protocols.

The increasing prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in young children has emerged as a critical public health concern. Recent epidemiological data indicates that risk factors established during early childhood significantly influence cardiovascular health throughout the lifespan. This study aims to identify and analyze the primary risk factors contributing to cardiovascular disease in children aged 3-12 years, with particular focus on modifiable risk factors and their interactions.

Primary care nurses represent a crucial component in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), serving as frontline healthcare providers with unique opportunities for patient engagement and intervention. With CVDs accounting for approximately 31% of global mortality, the role of primary care nurses has become increasingly vital in prevention strategies [1]. This study examines the effectiveness and scope of nurse-led interventions in CVD prevention within primary healthcare settings. The study demonstrated that nurses who received specialized training in CVD prevention achieved significantly better patient outcomes compared to those without such training. Additionally, the implementation of nurse-led clinics resulted in a 40% reduction in preventable cardiovascular events among high-risk patients.

Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite advancements in acute care, effective post-MI rehabilitation is critical to reducing recurrent cardiovascular events, improving quality of life, and decreasing hospital readmissions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of modern cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs and their role in improving long-term outcomes in patients after MI. Particular emphasis is placed on the integration of physical training, psychological support, and lifestyle modification. Comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation programs significantly enhance physical and psychological recovery in patients after myocardial infarction.

Hereditary genetic diseases are caused by inherited mutations, but environmental factors can significantly influence their onset, severity, and progression. Understanding the interplay between genetics and environmental exposures is crucial for developing preventive strategies and personalized treatments. This article discusses various methods used to study the impact of environmental factors on genetic diseases, including epidemiological studies, twin studies, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), epigenetic research, and animal models. Each method provides unique insights into gene-environment interactions, contributing to the broader understanding of disease mechanisms.

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is an important marker in the diagnosis of prostate diseases, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. This article examines the role of prostate-specific antigen in the diagnosis, monitoring, and prediction of BPH. Data on the diagnostic value of various prostate-specific antigen fractions, as well as their significance in the differential diagnosis between BPH and malignant processes, are presented. This article reflects current data on the topic of PSA and BPH, and also takes into account research conducted both abroad and in Uzbekistan.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common complications in andrological practice that significantly affect treatment outcomes and the quality of life of patients. Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are still a serious problem. This group of nosologies is a common reason for women to apply to medical organizations at both inpatient and outpatient levels. The large number of referrals from patients suffering from recurrent urinary tract infections leads to high economic costs for the healthcare system. This article discusses the relevance of the problem of UTI in endourology, the goals and methods of research, as well as presents the results and discussion based on the analysis of both abroad and Uzbekistan.

This scientific article provides detailed information on modern diagnostic methods for prostate cancer (PBS) based on the latest research and practical experience. Prostate cancer is common among men, and early detection significantly increases the effectiveness of its treatment. The article analyzes the main diagnostic methods, such as the PSA test, transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), biopsy and molecular diagnostics. The advantages and disadvantages of each method, as well as how their combined use can improve the effectiveness of early detection of the disease, are considered. The future possibilities of molecular diagnostics and genetic testing are discussed, as well as the prospects for the development of new technologies leading to personalized treatment of prostate cancer. The article provides a detailed analysis of new approaches to develop effective prostate cancer diagnosis methods and save patients' lives.

This article presents a content analysis of the pharmaceutical market of diuretic drugs in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The analysis of the range of drugs, their distribution by international nonproprietary names, manufacturing countries, dosage forms, terms of dispensing and price segments is carried out. The obtained results allow us to determine the key trends in the development of the market and assess the availability of diuretic drugs for the population.

The results of studies on the development of optimal technology of phytofilms containing extract of Fume vaian are presented. The obtained phytofilms were evaluated for their quantitative content of the active substance (protopine), physical and mechanical properties, and bioavailability (by the in vitro method).

This article presents the results of verifying the compliance of quality indicators for "Molmin" combination tablets with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study examined parameters such as the appearance of tablets, average weight and its deviation, disintegration indicators, resistance to breakage and abrasion, dissolution rate, and determination of bioactive substance content. It was demonstrated that all indicators fully meet the pharmacopoeia requirements.

Nephrolithiasis is a urological disorder characterized by the formation of calculi (kidney stones) in the renal and urinary tract. This study examines the composition, availability, dosage forms, and cost analysis of nephrolithiasis medications in [Country Name] through a systematic review. The market share of foreign medications declined from 58.34% to 42.85%, while domestic pharmaceutical manufacturers increased their share from 25% to 28.57%, and CIS-based manufacturers from 16.67% to 28.57%. However, the total volume of available medications remained relatively stable. Tablets and capsules account for 33.3% of the total nephrolithiasis medications, all of which are produced by foreign or CIS-based manufacturers.

The article describes the results of the study of the influence of planting time and rate on the photosynthetic potential indicators of wheat. In wheat varieties planted on October 1, the average leaf surface area was 2.5 times higher in the "heading-earing" phase, and 1.2 times higher when planted on November 1. In this case, it was found that the photosynthetic potential indicators are high in the phase of "heading-milking-ripening" during the planting period on October 1. This serves as an important basis for studying the effect of planting time and rate on photosynthetic potential of wheat and determining the degree of correlation.o bridge existing gaps in the pharmaceutical industry.

To properly organize crop rotation, farmers need to know how to effectively incorporate cover crops into the crop rotation system. Additionally, it is crucial to be able to select equipment that is suitable for the specific conditions of a particular farm. Most direct-seeding planters are heavier than conventional seeders.

Ushbu maqolada 5-(p-aminofenil)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazol-3(2H)-tion kam zaharli sinfga mansub ekanligi, 0.1; 0.5; 1.0; 5.0 va 10.0 mg/kg dozalarda psixofarmakologik faolliklari va tutqanoqqa qarshi solishtirma preparatlar karbamazepin va konvuleksdan qolishmasligi eksperimental tajribalar asosida tasdiqlangan.