ALLERGY AND ALLERGY-RELATED DISEASES: GLOBAL STATISTICS AND ANALYSIS OF SOURCES

Abstrak

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the global prevalence of allergy and allergy-related diseases, their significance as one of the most pressing challenges facing modern healthcare systems, and key epidemiological statistical indicators. The study is based on official data published by the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Allergy Organization (WAO), and other leading international epidemiological and research institutions. The article examines the main clinical forms of allergy—including allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and drug-induced allergic reactions—with particular emphasis on their pathophysiological mechanisms, prevalence rates, and age-specific distribution patterns. In addition, the increasing trend of allergic diseases among both children and adults in recent years is evaluated, with a scientific assessment of the role of environmental factors, urbanization, lifestyle changes, and environmental pollution in this process. Furthermore, the negative impact of allergic diseases on human health, quality of life, work productivity, and educational performance, as well as their socio-economic burden on healthcare systems and national economies, is analyzed in detail. The article emphasizes allergy as a global public health problem and substantiates the need for early diagnosis, strengthening preventive measures, reducing exposure to allergens, and developing effective treatment strategies.