Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic noncommunicable diseases and represents a serious medical and social problem due to its high prevalence, risk of complications, and significant impact on patients' quality of life. With the rapid development of clinical diabetology, the application of evidence-based medicine principles in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease is particularly important. This article examines modern methods of diagnosing and treating diabetes mellitus using evidence-based medicine. It analyzes the capabilities of laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods based on clinical guidelines, as well as evidence-based approaches to pharmacotherapy and non-drug treatment. It is shown that the implementation of evidence-based methods facilitates early detection of the disease, optimizes treatment strategies, and reduces the risk of acute and chronic complications of diabetes.

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, necessitating the use of the most effective and scientifically sound approaches to their diagnosis and treatment. Evidence-based medicine plays a key role in the development and implementation of clinical decisions based on the results of high-quality scientific research and international guidelines. This article examines the current principles of using evidence-based medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. It analyzes the potential for using clinical guidelines, instrumental and laboratory diagnostic methods, and evidence-based therapeutic strategies. It is demonstrated that the implementation of evidence-based approaches contributes to increased diagnostic accuracy, treatment effectiveness, and improved prognosis for patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Evidence-based medicine is the foundation of a modern approach to cancer treatment and rehabilitation, ensuring the application of clinical decisions based on scientific research, clinical guidelines, and high-quality evidence. With the increasing incidence of cancer and increasing life expectancy, the implementation of evidence-based approaches not only in treatment but also in the comprehensive rehabilitation of cancer patients is particularly important. This article examines the basic principles of evidence-based medicine in cancer treatment and rehabilitation, analyzing modern clinical protocols, drug therapy methods, surgical and radiation treatments, and rehabilitation measures aimed at restoring functional status and improving quality of life for patients. It is shown that the use of evidence-based approaches contributes to increased treatment effectiveness, a reduced incidence of complications, and optimization of long-term outcomes in cancer care

Stem cells play a central role in regenerative medicine due to their unique abilities of self-renewal and differentiation into specialized cell types. Over the past two decades, advances in stem cell biology have significantly expanded therapeutic strategies for tissue repair, organ regeneration, and treatment of degenerative diseases. This article reviews the fundamental types of stem cells, methodological approaches used in regenerative medicine, and key clinical outcomes observed in preclinical and human studies. Emphasis is placed on evidence-based applications, including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, mesenchymal stem cell–based therapies, and induced pluripotent stem cells. The analysis highlights both therapeutic potential and existing challenges, such as ethical considerations, tumorigenicity, and immune compatibility. The findings demonstrate that stem cell–based regenerative medicine represents a rapidly evolving and scientifically grounded field with growing clinical relevance.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent condition affecting men worldwide, with significant implications for quality of life and overall health. Recent advancements in medical research have led to a deeper understanding of the etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment approaches for ED. This literature review explores the modern perspectives on the causes and management of ED, emphasizing recent scientific findings, emerging pharmacological therapies, and innovative treatment modalities such as regenerative medicine, shockwave therapy, and personalized medicine. Furthermore, the study highlights the role of psychological and lifestyle factors, as well as the impact of comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. A critical analysis of the latest research provides insights into the future directions of ED management, offering evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice.

Gastrojejunal anastomotic strictures represent a significant complication following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, occurring in 3-27% of patients and substantially impacting quality of life and nutritional status. This comprehensive review examines the etiology, risk factors, prevention strategies, and treatment modalities for anastomotic strictures in bariatric surgery. Understanding the pathophysiology of stricture formation and implementing evidence-based prevention and treatment protocols is essential for optimizing patient outcomes and minimizing long-term complications. Current management approaches include endoscopic balloon dilation, bougie dilation, steroid injection, and surgical revision, with success rates varying from 70-95% depending on stricture characteristics and treatment modality

Colorectal cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide and represents a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Surgical resection continues to be the cornerstone of curative treatment for both colon and rectal cancers, with advances in surgical techniques, perioperative care, and multidisciplinary strategies significantly improving patient outcomes. Over the past two decades, the evolution of minimally invasive approaches, refinement of total mesorectal excision, adoption of sphincter-preserving procedures, and integration of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies have transformed colorectal cancer management. This thesis provides an updated overview of current surgical strategies for colorectal cancer, emphasizing evidence-based approaches, oncological principles, and outcome-oriented decision-making. The role of laparoscopic and robotic surgery, management of locally advanced disease, and factors influencing surgical selection are critically reviewed based on contemporary clinical guidelines and high-quality studies.

Facial surgery is a critical component of reconstructive and cosmetic medicine, aimed at restoring function and improving aesthetic outcomes. Despite advancements in surgical techniques and technologies, complications remain a challenge, ranging from infection and scarring to nerve damage and functional impairments. This article explores comprehensive methods for preventing and managing complications in facial surgery, emphasizing preoperative planning, intraoperative techniques, and postoperative care. The discussion incorporates evidence-based practices, including the role of advanced imaging, pharmacological interventions, and minimally invasive approaches. By reviewing current literature and clinical practices, the study aims to provide surgeons with actionable strategies to minimize risks and ensure optimal outcomes.

This article discusses current issues related to the spread of allergic diseases among the population of the Bukhara region. The analysis of epidemiological and clinical data of recent years has been conducted, the main factors contributing to the growth of allergopathology have been identified, including the climatic and ecological conditions of the region, lifestyle features and insufficient health education. The main attention is paid to strategies for the prevention, early diagnosis and effective treatment of allergic diseases, taking into account local realities. Both traditional and modern methods of therapy and individual prevention based on evidence-based medicine are considered.