WHAT IS ESP? BASIC CONCEPTIONS, PRINCIPLES, TYPES OF ESP.

Аннотация:

In the context of globalization and professional mobility, English language education increasingly requires a shift from general proficiency toward purpose-oriented instruction. English for Specific Purposes (ESP) has emerged as an effective approach that aligns language learning with learners’ academic, professional, and occupational needs. Unlike General English, ESP emphasizes relevance, practicality, and contextualized language use within specific disciplines. The approach is grounded in needs analysis, which determines the linguistic content, skills, and communicative functions required in real-life professional situations. Core principles of ESP include learner-centeredness, authenticity of materials, and integration of subject-specific discourse. ESP is commonly categorized into academic, professional, and occupational types, each addressing distinct communicative demands. Through targeted instruction, learners develop not only linguistic competence but also the ability to perform effectively in specialized environments. As a result, ESP contributes significantly to improving the efficiency and applicability of English language education in higher education and professional training settings.