Four years have passed since WHO declared the coronavirus a pandemic. During this time, the disease claimed the lives of 6.8 million people. The SARS CoV 2 virus is highly variable and is expected to disappear over time, becoming an endemic infection similar to other respiratory infections. Corneal transplantation is a surgical treatment aimed at restoring the optical and structural properties of a pathologically altered cornea. Exogenous and endogenous causes can lead to transplant rejection, a sharp decrease in vision and subsequent impairment of the patient's ability to work.

The article analyzes the state of development of the affiliation motive among uzbek youth, in particular, the relationship of affiliation with the formation of youth value systems. Based on data from a psychological study and the opinion of foreign and domestic researchers, the author outlines the importance of developing this motivation among young people. The possibility of forming an affiliation motive is shown, which determines the further communicative success and professional competence of the younger generation

Four years have passed since WHO declared the coronavirus a pandemic. During this time, the disease claimed the lives of 6.8 million people. The SARS CoV 2 virus is highly variable and is expected to disappear over time, becoming an endemic infection similar to other respiratory infections. Corneal transplantation is a surgical treatment aimed at restoring the optical and structural properties of a pathologically altered cornea. Exogenous and endogenous causes can lead to transplant rejection, a sharp decrease in vision and subsequent impairment of the patient's ability to work.

This article analyzes and classifies the initial research on the study, development, and treatment methods of stomatology, one of the important branches of medicine, in ancient Eastern medicine. In particular, the specific features of dental diseases, their treatment, and prevention in ancient China, India, and Central Asia are shown. The article also focuses on the emergence and development of dentistry in Central Asia and some aspects of natural treatment methods.

Currently, criminal law, like all legal systems, cannot develop without taking into account the experience of other countries and without adopting certain norms, rules or institutions from their laws. Legislators of the CIS and Baltic countries, like the Republic of Uzbekistan, followed the path of recognizing extortion as a crime against property. Extortion, which is considered a criminal offense against property, is associated differently with the elements of robbery of other people's property (first of all, robbery and invasion) in the criminal laws of different countries, including the CIS republics. The main goal of this scientific article is to analyze the concept of extortion crime, its signs and characteristics, in addition, a comparative analysis of the crime of extortion with the criminal legislation of foreign countries, scientifically based opinions and considerations are presented.  

The article discusses the genesis and key issues of regional cooperation in Central Asia, and also takes into account the experience of the European Union. It is emphasized that Central Asia is a unique region that can benefit from the experience of European integration, since Central Asia is now in the pre-European integration process.

The article discusses the clinical and laboratory features of oral diseases in pregnant women. The relevance of the study is due to the high prevalence of dental diseases in pregnant women and their potential impact on the course of pregnancy and the health of the unborn child.

The structure and content of educational and methodological support for the formation of the professional competence of a doctor in the direction of "psychological and pedagogical activity" is presented in the given article. The development of educational and methodological support was carried out on the basis of the labor functions of a doctor in accordance with the standards of professional activity.

Peripheral lymph node tuberculosis (PLNTB) is the most common form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in people with and without HIV.  The cervical region is the most frequently affected location.  Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the most common offender.  Impacts are more likely to affect female young people who are economically productive.  Tubercular lymphadenitis is mostly a medical condition, even though frequent removal of the affected node may be required to avoid scarring. However, surgical excision is associated with a somewhat worse prognosis than medical treatment alone [1,2,3]. 

The article presents the development of a modernized design of a motor carriage subway car with a justification of the dynamic and strength parameters, numerical studies were carried out in the programming environment MATHCAD 15. In connection with the massive failure of subway cars for Uzbekistan Temir Yollari JSC, it is necessary to develop a new way to modernize the motorcar rolling stock trolley frames for overhaul in order to improve dynamic performance and increase strength and reliability (specifically, for trolleys of a subway car).

The article presents a developed algorithm for performing numerical calculations on the strength of the sections of the subway car bogie frame; the numerical studies were carried out in the MATHCAD 15 programming environment. The proposed method improves dynamic performance and increases strength and reliability (in particular, for subway car bogies) taking into account the modernization of frames.

The article presents the level of electrical energy supply of pumping stations, their energy supply, operating modes of pumping units, economic costs and other information.

The article presents the development of diagnostic and treatment tactics for patients with odontogenic sinusitis, complicated by incorrect endodontic treatment of teeth in the upper jaw, as well as the use of low-intensity laser therapy.

Systems analysis is associated with a complex set of elements interacting with each other. The result of a system analysis is a comparative description of alternative options in order to select the most optimal one, in terms of all compared parameters, and at the same time, the least expensive one, which is especially important in the context of insurance medicine. During the period of capitalization of the country, and especially during the period of transition to insurance medicine, the calculation of the economic efficiency of the introduction of new methods of treatment and the calculation of the cost of treatment in general is a very important socio-economic factor.

The article presents calculation schemes for modeling the kinematic movements of a torsion spring of a high-speed electric train using a graphical method..

The article presents the results of numerical studies of the process of oscillations of the motor- carriage of the high-speed electric train AFROSIAB in the horizontal plane during its movement in curves in the MATHCAD 15 programming environment.

Gradation of the quality of composite restorations according to the level of risk and types of individual therapeutic and preventive measures based on the differentiated level of risks of reducing the quality of restorations, allows to increase the long-term quality results by more than 45.00%

This article discusses the role of gnostic sensations in children's development and its significance in the child's growth, alongside thoughts on the educational process and scientific perspectives of pedagogues regarding child development.

The article analyzes the positive and negative aspects of technology for human and social life. It is studied that technology and humanity are interrelated like the unity of opposites in philosophy and the law of struggle. Also, the concepts of techno-optimism and techno-pessimism were scientifically and philosophically evaluated and necessary conclusions were drawn.

The article analyzes the neologisms that appeared during the coronavirus pandemia. The article is based on lively factual material with the involvement of different languages: Russian, German, French, and Hebrew. The authors made the attempt to reveal the functional-systemic relationships that have developed on the basis of new words, stable word-groups associated with the thematic field of coronavirus infection. The most widely-spread definitions of neologisms are presented in the work. The article deals with the issues of derivational orientation. The analysis was carried out from the point of view of the emotional and expressive characteristics of the neoformations.  

The article describes the ways and methods of implementing the use of innovative technologies in the teaching of the physics course in higher education, which is one of the urgent problems of the current education system. Based on the results of research, the use of innovative technologies is of great importance in strengthening the acquired knowledge and awakening the interest of students in the course of the lesson.

The process of educating foreign students in medical universities is characterized by multifactorial specificity, caused not only by general problems of academic and sociocultural adaptation but also by the peculiarities of medical education, including high intensity of academic workload, the need to master professional terminology in a non-native language, early interaction with patients in a foreign language environment, as well as ethical and deontological aspects of the medical profession that have culturally determined specificity. Together, these factors create a significant psycho-emotional burden on foreign students, potentially reducing the effectiveness of the educational process and negatively affecting the formation of professional competencies of future doctors.

The work describes the processes of purification of phosphoric acid based on phosphorites of the Central Kyzylkum from impurities of fluorine and sulfates in the process of extraction with calcium carbonate and the production of single phosphorus fertilizer by neutralizing the purified acid with calcium carbonate.

Pneumonia is a major cause of mortality worldwide, particularly in regions with limited access to expert radiologists. Deep learning has shown strong potential for automated analysis of chest X-rays, but many CNN models are too heavy for deployment in real-time or resource-constrained settings. This paper presents a lightweight deep learning framework based on transfer learning with MobileNetV2 for binary classification of chest X-ray images into Normal and Pneumonia classes. The pipeline includes systematic dataset splitting, task-specific data augmentation, a frozen MobileNetV2 backbone with a compact classification head, and evaluation using accuracy, precision, recall, confusion matrix, and ROC–AUC. Experiments on a dataset of 5856 chest X-ray images (4555 train / 600 validation / 701 test) yield a test accuracy of 89.02%, precision 92.53%, recall 91.97%, and ROC–AUC 0.95. Qualitative inspection of best-classified and misclassified images shows that the model is robust on typical cases but challenged by ambiguous or low-quality images. The proposed solution is suitable for integration into clinical decision-support tools and edge devices.

Co-trauma in children is a serious medical problem that requires a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment. Given the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the child's body, the development of effective surgical strategies is extremely important to ensure the best treatment results and minimize possible complications. In recent years, there has been significant progress in the field of pediatric traumatology, which makes it necessary to constantly update knowledge and introduce new techniques.