This article explores the development of self-awareness and the “Self” concept in children through psychological and social perspectives. Based on the theories of D. B. Elkonin, L. S. Vygotsky, S. L. Rubinstein, and G. Allport, the study highlights the importance of speech, communication, and emotional experience in the child’s personal growth. It also emphasizes the crucial role of adults — parents and educators — in building a child’s self-confidence and shaping a positive “Self” concept. The findings indicate that self-awareness develops more effectively in an emotionally supportive and psychologically safe environment.