Eurasian Journal of Academic Research

This scientific article explores the organizational and methodological foundations for introducing modern approaches to the system of combat and professional training of law enforcement officers, analyzing both international experience and national practice. The study examines advanced training models implemented in the police systems of the USA, Iceland, Finland, and the Netherlands, with particular attention to the effectiveness of biofeedback technology and the ICAT (Integrating Communications, Assessment, and Tactics) program. The article also evaluates the possibilities of adapting these approaches to Uzbekistan’s law enforcement training system and substantiates their importance in enhancing psychophysiological resilience, communicative competence, and professional proficiency of police officers.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the prospects for the development of speech therapy in the context of the digital transformation of education. The study substantiates the relevance of introducing innovative technologies into correctional practice, which is driven by the growing number of children with severe and complex speech disorders, as well as the need to increase the accessibility of speech therapy assistance. The paper examines modern directions of digitalization in speech therapy, including the use of artificial intelligence, virtual and augmented reality, distance learning platforms, and multimedia applications. Particular emphasis is placed on the importance of individualizing correctional work through digital resources that ensure the construction of personalized trajectories of speech development in children.

This article examines the pragmatic functions of linguistic elements in a text, highlighting their significance in communication, interpretation, and the generation of meaning beyond the literal content. This paper examines linguistic choices within contextual frameworks, utilizing classical and contemporary pragmatics theories, including the contributions of H.P. Grice, J.R. Searle, and Uzbek scholars Shakhriyor Safarov and G.T. Makhkamova, to elucidate how these choices serve to realize speaker intentions, elicit particular effects, and shape the responses of readers or listeners. The paper combines theoretical ideas with practical examples from literary and media texts to demonstrate the diverse pragmatic techniques and devices functioning inside discourse.

This article comprehensively analyzes the features of the study of Karakalpak and English languages in computational linguistics. At the same time, the role of artificial intelligence, natural language processing, automatic translation, speech recognition, and digital linguistics technologies is highlighted. The current state of the Karakalpak language is compared with the achievements of English in computational linguistics, and problems and promising directions are identified.

This article scientifically analyzes the response of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. to light, the effect of light intensity and duration on the physiological and morphological characteristics of the plant. During the study, the dependence of the photosynthesis process, the amount of leaf pigments, growth rates and fruit yield of the jujuba plant on the level of light was studied. Growing Ziziphus jujuba in open areas with sufficient light was shown to be the most optimal solution from an ecological and agrobiological point of view. This information serves as an important scientific basis for developing agrotechnical measures appropriate to the light regime of the plant.

This article analyzes the semantic development of historically formed phraseologisms in German, but rarely used today. Language - as the main indicator of changes in culture and thinking-manifests shifts in the form and content of phraseological units. The article shows that archaic phrases from religious, folkloric and social sources are semantically losing their meaning and gaining new connotations or leaving the scope of full active use.

The article examines current knowledge about the composition and properties of biologically active substances of Allium caspium (Caspian onion) growing under the natural conditions of Karakalpakstan. Information is provided on the chemical composition of the plant, its pharmacological activity, and the influence of environmental and climatic factors on the accumulation of secondary metabolites. It is shown that this species contains significant amounts of flavonoids, saponins, phenolic compounds, and essential oils, which determine its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Moreover, the necessity of further study of this promising plant as a source of natural therapeutic substances is emphasized.

This study explores the characteristics of business management practices in the Republic of Azerbaijan compared to selected developed economies. Using data from the World Management Survey (WMS), OECD, World Bank Enterprise Surveys and recent academic research, it highlights managerial, institutional and cultural determinants of performance differences. The analysis demonstrates that Azerbaijani firms lag behind in key management practice dimensions—planning, target-setting, human resource management, and digitalisation—compared to leading economies such as the United States, Germany and Japan. The paper concludes with policy and managerial recommendations to enhance management capacity in Azerbaijan’s transitional economic context.

This article provides information about the issues of economic efficiency of photoelectric pump devices. The proposed methodology includes dynamic methods for evaluating efficiency when determining indicators, including the method of calculating discounted costs.

This article examines scientifically grounded approaches to the identification, assessment, and management of phytosanitary risks. The factors contributing to the spread of pests, pathogens, and invasive weeds that threaten plant health, as well as their economic, ecological, and social impacts, are analyzed. Methodological approaches are highlighted through the example of international phytosanitary risk analysis (PRA) standards and the effectiveness of national quarantine measures. The research results demonstrate that applying timely and properly assessed phytosanitary measures helps maintain plant health at both regional and international levels, increase crop yields, and ensure food security.

The article examines the role of innovative tools, particularly podcasts, in developing students' language skills. Podcasts contribute to increasing motivation, developing independence, improving listening and speaking skills, and forming intercultural competence. The history of the emergence of the term "podcasting," its definitions and classifications are reviewed, and the main types of podcasts used in foreign language teaching are highlighted: authentic, teaching, student, audio and video podcasts, screencasts, etc.

Scientific conclusions formed as a result of studying scientific-theoretical and practical-pedagogical sources related to the research problem, the results of observing practice, and experimental work were carried out in order to test the level of effectiveness of scientific ideas put forward in the research under experimental conditions.

This article explores the pivotal role of mentorship, professional learning communities (PLCs), and continuous professional development (CPD) in enhancing the instructional practices of novice English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers. The research emphasizes the value of collaborative reflection, peer observation, and microteaching as strategies that empower early-career educators to develop adaptive teaching techniques and reflective practices. It also discusses the challenges of fostering collegiality and professional identity in isolated or resource-constrained environments. The findings suggest that teacher induction programs and professional support frameworks tailored to specific educational contexts significantly enhance teacher retention, satisfaction, and pedagogical effectiveness

This article discusses dedication poems in Karakalpak literature and their significance in the work of poets, especially in the work of the poet Kengesbay Rakhmanov, using examples. Although the genre of dedication has not been studied in a special way in our literature, it has a significant place in our literature. The poet Kengesbay Rakhmanov wrote many poems in this genre, and we can witness that most of them are written in the form of quatrains, and some in the form of quintuplets. In the process of studying the dedications, we tried to separate them into several groups, taking into account that they were written on different topics in content, and we witnessed that the individual style of the poet was clearly visible in them. Also, the author’s unique style of creating the character of the lyrical hero in the dedications once again proved that the content of the poem is close to lament, ode, and even humorous.

This article analyzes the importance of applying innovative technologies in the effective utilization of groundwater for environmental protection. Issues related to modern water-saving technologies, deep filtration systems, intelligent monitoring devices, and water management integrated with renewable energy sources are highlighted. Based on international experience and the ongoing reforms in Uzbekistan, the article examines ways to ensure sustainable use of water resources.

The article presents the history of studying the Bronze Age culture of Khorezm and focuses on revealing its similarities and distinctive features in comparison with other cultures. Based on archaeological and geomorphological research conducted in the Bronze Age culture of Khorezm, authentic information about the economy is provided.

This scientific work analyzes the civil law aspects of improving the legal status of educational institutions within the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA) of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study examines the current legal status of higher and secondary specialized educational institutions of the MIA (as state institutions), their financial and economic activities, contractual relations, and cooperation with civil society from the perspective of civil law. Based on the experience of developed countries (South Korea, Germany, USA), the paper explores the prospects of reorganizing MIA educational institutions into independent educational organizations with the status of legal entities. Specifically, it proposes models of public-private partnership (PPP), corporate governance, and financial independence mechanisms. The research results aim to improve the quality of education in the MIA system, reduce corruption risks, and strengthen integration with civil society.

Vocabulary acquisition is a fundamental component of foreign language learning, especially at the primary level. Since vocabulary is the foundation of communication, teaching it effectively enables learners to express themselves fluently and understand others better. This article explores the importance of vocabulary instruction for young learners and provides a comprehensive analysis of effective techniques used to teach vocabulary in primary schools. Moreover, it examines the psychological, linguistic, and pedagogical aspects of vocabulary teaching and offers practical recommendations for classroom application. The findings indicate that visual aids, storytelling, songs, games, and technological tools play a significant role in vocabulary retention and communicative competence

Ushbu maqolada ingliz tilidagi “Heaven” va “Hell” konseptlari kognitiv tilshunoslik nuqtayi nazaridan tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotning maqsadi — bu konseptlarning inson ongidagi kognitiv tuzilmasi, metaforik modellari hamda madaniy va axloqiy konnotatsiyalarini aniqlashdir. “Heaven” konsepti inson tafakkurida ezgulik, yorug‘lik, mukofot va osoyishtalik timsoli bo‘lib, light, purity, peace, eternity kabi semantik elementlar bilan bog‘lanadi. U yuksaklik (up), nur (light) va mukammallik (perfection) metaforalari orqali modellashtiriladi. “Heavenly voice”, “heaven on earth”, “gates of heaven” kabi birikmalar ilohiylik va tinchlik ma’nolarini ifodalaydi. Aksincha, “Hell” konsepti zulmat, yovuzlik, azob va jazolanish bilan bog‘liq bo‘lib, fire, pain, sin, punishment semantik maydonlariga ega. U pastlik (down), zulmat (darkness) va yonish (fire) metaforalari orqali konseptual jihatdan shakllanadi. “Burning in hell”, “go to hell”, “hellish life” kabi iboralar azob va ruhiy iztirobni ifodalaydi. “Heaven” va “Hell” konseptlari qarama-qarshi kognitiv juftlik sifatida ezgulik va yovuzlikning, mukofot va jazoning lingvistik in’ikosini tashkil etadi. Tadqiqot Lakoff va Johnsonning Konseptual metafora nazariyasi asosida Injil, ingliz maqollari, idiomalar va badiiy asarlar (Milton, Dante va boshqalar) materiallari asosida olib borilgan. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, bu konseptlar ingliz madaniy ongida axloqiy nazorat va qadriyatlar tizimini ifodalovchi kognitiv model sifatida faoliyat yuritadi.

The article examines the effectiveness of freestyle wrestling exercises in improving judokas’ physical fitness. Integrative training methods are shown to enhance strength, agility, balance, and endurance, providing a methodological basis for comprehensive athlete development.

The article explores the coach’s role in developing and improving female judokas’ technical skills. It analyzes effective training methods, individual approaches, and psychological support. Special emphasis is placed on enhancing coordination, tactical thinking, and the stability of motor actions during the training process

The article examines the characteristics of bronchial asthma in children, its etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and modern approaches to treatment and prevention. Special attention is given to the role of allergic factors, the state of the immune system, and environmental conditions. Methods of early diagnosis, as well as principles of comprehensive therapy and rehabilitation for children suffering from this disease, are described.

This article explores the development of self-awareness and the “Self” concept in children through psychological and social perspectives. Based on the theories of D. B. Elkonin, L. S. Vygotsky, S. L. Rubinstein, and G. Allport, the study highlights the importance of speech, communication, and emotional experience in the child’s personal growth. It also emphasizes the crucial role of adults — parents and educators — in building a child’s self-confidence and shaping a positive “Self” concept. The findings indicate that self-awareness develops more effectively in an emotionally supportive and psychologically safe environment.