O‘ZBEKISTONDA NOGIRONLIGI BO‘LGAN SHAXSLARNING IJTIMOIY MUHOFAZASI: TARIXIY BOSQICHLAR, DAVLAT SIYOSATI VA INSTITUTSIONAL ISLOHOTLAR
Keywords:
nogironligi bo‘lgan shaxslar, ijtimoiy muhofaza, davlat siyosati, inson huquqlari, inklyuziya, ijtimoiy xizmat, reabilitatsiya, “Inson” markazlari, Milliy ijtimoiy himoya agentligi, institutsional islohot, funksional baholash.Abstract
Mazkur maqolada O‘zbekistonda nogironligi bo‘lgan shaxslarni ijtimoiy muhofaza qilish tizimining 1991-yildan hozirgi davrgacha bo‘lgan shakllanishi va rivojlanishi tarixiy-huquqiy hamda institutsional jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda milliy tizim evolyutsiyasi besh bosqichga ajratildi: dastlabki huquqiy asoslarning yaratilishi; ijtimoiy xizmatlar va reabilitatsiya mexanizmlarining kengayishi; huquqqa asoslangan yondashuvga o‘tish; xalqaro standartlarning milliy qonunchilikka implementatsiyasi; ijtimoiy himoyani yagona institutsional boshqaruv asosida tashkil etish bosqichi. Nogironlikka tibbiy-xayriya modeli asosida yondashishdan ijtimoiy va inson huquqlariga asoslangan modelga o‘tish jarayonining o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari ochib berildi. “Nogironligi bo‘lgan shaxslarning huquqlari to‘g‘risida”gi qonun, BMTning Nogironlar huquqlari to‘g‘risidagi konvensiyasi, Milliy ijtimoiy himoya agentligi va “Inson” ijtimoiy xizmatlar markazlari faoliyatining tarixiy ahamiyati baholandi. Tahlil natijasida qonunchilikdagi ilg‘or normalarga qaramay, infratuzilmaning moslashtirilmaganligi, nogironlikni belgilashda tibbiy mezonlarning uzoq vaqt ustun bo‘lib kelgani, bandlikning pastligi, ma’lumotlar tizimining yetarlicha rivojlanmaganligi va nogironligi bo‘lgan shaxslar tashkilotlarining qarorlar qabul qilishdagi ishtiroki cheklanganligi aniqlandi. Maqolada tizimni yanada takomillashtirishga qaratilgan ilmiy-amaliy takliflar ishlab chiqildi.
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